1. FORMAT

1.1 General

1.1a Each author is responsible for the camera-ready appearance of his/her paper. Papers submitted for evaluation are to be prepared in a two-column format, except for the abstract which must be printed in one-column format. See section 1.3b for specific instructions.

1.1b Papers must be submitted both as camera-ready copy and on 3.5 PC diskette . The diskette label should state the journal to which the paper is being submitted, the title of the paper, the last name of the lead or contact author, and the program used to create the camera-ready copy.

1.1c All copy must be produced in ten point Times font (CG Times is best; however, any Times font, such as Times Roman, is acceptable).

1.1d All text and illustrations will be published at the same size as submitted (100%), unless authors provide specific instructions for reducing or cropping. Print out on 8.5 X 11 sheets. See section five for further instructions.

1.2 Title page

1.2a The front matter for which the author is responsible appears in the following order: the title of the paper, the name(s) of the author(s), their SNAME membership status and their affiliations, a frontispiece (if one is included, see 1.2d below), the abstract and the beginning of the paper itself.

1.2b Author information and paper presentation must be printed in the following manner:
1. Author names must be in twelve point bold type, positioned flush left, two carriage returns below the title;
2. Author affiliation information and paper presentation information is the only text that must be printed as footnotes at the bottom of the title page. Footnotes must be printed in eight point type. Footnotes can be positioned and spaced properly by going into the footnotes options set up and (a) deleting the tab return and (b) setting the spacing between notes at .007".

1.2c Positioning without frontispiece: Start the title three carriage returns below the top margin, which is about 1.5" inches from the top of the page. Start the author information lines two carriage returns below the title, and center the word "abstract" three carriage returns below the author information. Start the abstract text two carriage returns below the word "abstract," and the body text three carriage returns below the abstract text.

1.2d Positioning with frontispiece: A frontispiece (photograph or line drawing) will enhance the appearance of your paper. If you wish to use a frontispiece, it should be positioned .25" below the last line of author information. As with the rest of the text, the frontispiece must be no more that 7" wide. Center the word "abstract" .25" below the frontispiece and start the abstract text two carriage returns below the word "abstract." Start the body text three carriage returns below the abstract text. It is acceptable to have the body text start on the second page if the title, author information, frontispiece, and abstract fill the first page.

1.3 Dimensions

1.3a Abstract: Format in 10 point italicized Times with 1.5" margins on each side.

1.3b Body text margins and columns: Set the pages for two columns with .25" between columns and one inch margins top, bottom, and sides on all pages, except for the title page which is described in section 1.2 above. All columns of type must be set for full justification. Balance the columns on the last page.

1.4 Line spacing: Single space with .25" paragraph indent and no line spacing between paragraphs. Leave two carriage returns before major heading sections; leave one carriage return between other sections, subheadings, and sub-subheadings. Beneath figure captions, leave two carriage returns.

1.5 Page numbering: Number pages in the center bottom of each page.

1.6 Headings

1.6a MAJOR HEADINGS: Set in all capitals in the boldface version of the Times font on a separate line from the text. Paper headings for abstract, nomenclature (if used), acknowledgments, and references should not be numbered.

1.6b Subheadings: Set in the upper and lower case in the boldface version of Times font on a separate line from the text. Underline if boldface is not available.

1.6c Sub-subheadings: Set in the upper and lower case of the Times font on a separate line from the text.

2. REFERENCES AND ENDNOTES

Within the text, identify references by principal author's name and year; e.g.: (Jones, 1989). Use end notes rather than footnotes because endnotes format more easily. In the endnotes, list references alphabetically by primary author's name, as in the following examples:

ABBOTT, J. 1988 Computer-Aided Wheelhouse Systems. Journal of Maritime Engineering, 12:3 (1988): 64-72.

TOBIN, S. and M. DARMAN. Elementary Naval Architecture. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1957.

3. TYPE FONTS, POSITIONING, AND JUSTIFICATION

3.1 General: 10 point CG Times or Times Roman, flush left, full justification

3.2 Specific sections:
Title: 18 point bold, positioned flush left, left justification;
Author name(s): 12 point bold, positioned flush left, left justification;
SNAME membership status and author affiliation: 12 point normal, positioned flush left, full justification. SNAME membership status should be indicated with caps in parentheses that represent the first letter of membership status terms (EX: (M) [for member], (AM) [for associate member]) except for the acronym (FL) which is used to represent the term "fellow."
Abstract title: 10 point italic all caps, centered;
Abstract text: 10 point italics, 1.5" left and right margins, flush left, full justification.
Body text: 10 point normal, full justification, 2-columns, .25" paragraph indent.
Captions: 8 point normal or larger.

3.3 Laser jet printers: Use proportional spacing with the Times (Times Roman, CG Times, etc.) font with full justification. If proportional spacing is not possible, use a 12 cpi (characters per inch) serif font without right-hand-side justification. Hyphenation should be turned off.

4. PRINTOUT

Text printout must be an original copy. Photocopies are not acceptable. Special reproduction-quality paper, such as Hammermill Laser Plus, is recommended.

4.1 Print quality: The printout must have uniform contrast throughout the whole paper: it must be dark and sharp. A printout which is either streaked, has lighting variations at the margins, is gray, fuzzy, broken, or flecked, is unacceptable. Print document either 600 or 1200 dpi.

4.2 Layout: Leave sufficient space for figures, tables and equations, including captions as required.

5. ILLUSTRATIONS

5.1 Imbedded graphics are the preferable form of submission for all materials except for photographs. Please note that computer generated photographs are unacceptable for print media because these images reproduce very poorly in both journal and book environments.

5.2 Fully electronic preparation of material: The general instructions provided are for preparation of camera-ready copy (CRC). However, SNAME is moving towards fully electronic preparation of technical papers that will permit publication in both print media and electronic media such as CD-ROMs and on-line. Authors who wish to ensure publication of their papers in an electronic environment should submit their papers as both CRC and in a fully electronic format. Full electronic submission means that all text and graphic elements, such as formulas, graphs, equations, drawings and photographs, must be imbedded in the document. Because scanned images are expensive and time-consuming to reproduce electronically, photographs must be supplied in two formats: imbedded for electronic media and as original photos for print media.

5.3 Non-electronic preparation of graphics
a. Line drawings, figures, tables - Use sharp, computer-generated, or drafted original prints. Lettering must be large enough to be legible. If reduction is necessary, high quality photocopy reductions (of line art only) are acceptable.

b. Photo and graphics hints: Use only sharp, good contrast, glossy black and white or color photographs. The following are unacceptable: black and white or color photocopies, color plates, screened photographs, and slides. These forms are unacceptable because they cannot be reproduced as first generation half-tones.

Do not submit either drawings that use tints or graphs that use different colors because the black and white printing process reproduces all colors as scales of gray. As an alternative to different colors, graph lines can be illustrated using different line styles; for example, one can be an unbroken line and another can be either a broken line or a dotted line.

5.4 Positioning: Place figures and tables on or near the page where they are first mentioned and attach to the page with a suitable glue (gluestick is recommended). Do not use adhesive tape.

Ensure that figures and tables do not spill over into margins. If in doubt, leave space on the camera copy and the technical editor will arrange for the printer to size and position the illustration using your original art. If art is sent loose, it should be numbered and its location in the text should be clearly noted in the artwork in either a margin or on the reverse. A corresponding number should appear in the proper location on the text.

6. MISCELLANEOUS

Proofread text and write both the lead author(s)' name and the page number on the back of each page.